To provide for organizing, arming, and disciplining, the Militia, and for governing such Part of them as may be employed in the Service of the United States, reserving to the States respectively, the Appointment of the Officers, and the Authority of training the Militia according to the discipline prescribed by Congress.To provide for calling forth the Militia to execute the Laws of the Union, suppress Insurrections and repel Invasions.To make Rules for the Government and Regulation of the land and naval Forces.To raise and support Armies, but no Appropriation of Money to that Use shall be for a longer Term than two Years.To declare War, grant Letters of Marque and Reprisal, and make Rules concerning Captures on Land and Water.To define and punish Piracies and Felonies committed on the high Seas, and Offences against the Law of Nations.To constitute Tribunals inferior to the Supreme Court.To promote the Progress of Science and useful Arts, by securing for limited Times to Authors and Inventors the exclusive Right to their respective Writings and Discoveries.To establish Post Offices and post Roads.To provide for the Punishment of counterfeiting the Securities and current Coin of the United States.To coin Money, regulate the Value thereof, and of foreign Coin, and fix the Standard of Weights and Measures.To establish a uniform Rule of Naturalization, and uniform Laws on the subject of Bankruptcies throughout the United States.To regulate Commerce with foreign Nations, and among the several States, and with the Indian Tribes.To borrow Money on the credit of the United States. To lay and collect Taxes, Duties, Imposts, and Excises, to pay the Debts and provide for the common Defence and general Welfare of the United States but all Duties, Imposts and Excises shall be uniform throughout the United States.The existence of that list of powers implies that Congress can make laws necessary to ensure that those powers can be carried out. Congress is limited in its power over the American people to only those powers specifically written into the Constitution, such as determine who can be a citizen, collect taxes, establish post offices, and set up a judiciary. In general, the main purpose of this "elastic" clause, also known as the "sweeping" or "general clause," is to give Congress the flexibility to get the other 17 enumerated powers achieved. The Necessary and Proper clause has been used in cases about many things, including challenges about Obamacare, legalizing marijuana, and collective bargaining.The first Supreme Court case against the clause was in 1819 when Maryland objected to Alexander Hamilton's formation of a National Bank.Also known as the "elastic clause," it was written into the Constitution in 1787.Constitution provides Congress the power to fulfill its legal powers. The Necessary and Proper clause of the U.S.
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